Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 7 Postoperative picture
showing correction of the
deformity and facial
symmetry
Tumor Surgery
Preoperative model planning by color SL is useful in ablative surgery of tumors of the
craniofacial region. The coloring of the tumor clarifies its relation to surrounding
structures and illustrates eventual extension in the adjacent tissue. The main
advantages of this technique are visualization of the problem, planning of the surgical
approach, and determination of extent of the resection in areas of complex anatomy.
Reconstructive Surgery
Surgery simulation is helpful in primary reconstruction of maxillofacial defects
and estimation of the amount of graft required for the reconstruction. Proper
placement of the graft in the exact position can be accurately determined. Even
plates can be prefabricated to hold the future bone graft. The precise fitting
implants facilitate surgery thus saving operating time.
Trauma, cranial bone tumors, and congenital anomalies are the main reasons for
craniofacial defects. The main indications for reconstruction of these defects are
cosmetic reasons and protection of intracranial structures (Fig.
8
).
Advantages
• Plate handling in the operating theater is minimal, thus preserving its strength.
• Decreased exposure time to general anesthesia.
• Decreased blood loss.
• Shorter wound exposure time [
22
].
Craniofacial Surgery
Craniosynostoses is the term that designates premature fusion of one or more
sutures in either the cranial vault or cranial base. The disparity between intra-
cranial volume and brain volume may increase intracranial pressure. The goals of
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