Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
-
Kidney tubular branching and glomerular maturation defects
Yates, Papakrivopoulos, et al. (2010)
- Musculoskeletal system: abnormal rib morphology (rib fusion), bifurcation,
reduced rib number, delayed rib ossification, abnormal vertebrae develop-
ment/morphology
Stein and Mackensen (1957)
- Reduced fore-stomach size and arch
Matsuyama, Aizawa, and Shimono (2009)
Vangl1 (gene-trap) mutant phenotype
Heterozygote
- No phenotype
Torban et al. (2008)
,
Song et al. (2010)
Homozygote
- No phenotype
Song et al. (2010)
Torban et al. (2008)
Antic et al. (2010)
-
Low percent of mice with craniorachischisis
Double Vangl1:Vangl2 mutant phenotype
Double heterozygote
(
Vangl2
Lp/
þ
;
Vangl1
gt/
þ
)
- Neural tube defect: craniorachischisis in 60% of mice
-
Torban et al. (2008)
PCP defects in the inner ear
Double homozygote
(
Vangl2
/
;
Vangl2
gt/g
t
)
- Neural tube defect: craniorachischisis
- Laterality defects: embryo turning and heart looping
- PCP defects in the inner ear, particularly in the inner hair cells
- Randomized position of primary cilia in posterior notochord cells
Song et al. (2010)
