Patient-Specific Vascular Modeling - Microsurgery: Advances, Simulations, and Applications - page 78

3.2.3 Reproduction of Membranous Vascular

Configuration

The deformation of vessel structure when catheter or other medical
tools are inserted is related to its elastic membranous structure
and the existence of surrounding soft tissue. Its soft structure even
allows dynamic deformation against pulsation and blood streaming.
Some neurological treatments are realized relying on this property.
The expansion of narrowed artery (stenosis) with balloons and
stents and aneurismal clipping are the major instances of these
medical treatments. However, this property simultaneously results
in technical dificulties. Therefore, the reproduction of this structural
deformation is also important to allow simulating various medical
treatments and experiencing technical dificulty accrued from the
deformation of arterial structure.

3.2.4 Summary of Required Conditions

The required conditions for an in vitro vasculature model for
endovascular treatments simulation are as follows:
The model must reproduce
1. Precise coniguration of cerebral artery
2. Patient-speciic vascular structure
3. Elastic characteristics of arterial tissue
4. Friction characteristics of arterial tissue
5. Thin membranous vascular structure
6. Visco-elastic vascular deformation
The model must be

7. Compatible with medical imaging modalities

8. Transparent to provide good visibility

3.3 Medical Image Processing

It is possible to acquire the information inside human body using
various medical imaging modalities, such as X-ray CT and MRI. In
these medical imaging systems, two-dimensional cross-sectional
images of human body are obtained. It is possible to reconstruct
with high resolution the three-dimensional structure of the scanned