Tailor-Made and Biodegradable Vascular Scaffolds - Microsurgery: Advances, Simulations, and Applications - page 264

and functions after implantation. To append anti-clot property to a
vascular graft, the existence of conluent ECs cultured at stable state
along the inner wall is very important. Also, arterial vascular graft
must have lexibility and durability to follow the pulsatile motion
(70-140 mmHg).
Therefore, the development of vascular graft should contain
structural and mechanical design, cell transplantation, tissue
regeneration based on cellular and tissue biomechanics (Fig. 8.1).

Hybrid vascular tissue

Endothelial cells

Smooth muscle cells Fibroblasts

Extracellular matrix

Dynamic loading of mechanical stress

Tissue regeneration

Figure 8.1 Strategy of vascular wall regeneration.

So far, various types of vascular scaffold have been developed.
In this section, we introduce several representative vascular grafts.
TERUMO developed vascular grafts made of polyester iber or ePTFE.
They fabricated grafts with large curvature or bifurcations using
biocompatible plastics. However, the vascular wall does not seem to
be porous in this image and biodegradable materials are preferred
because they disappear as time goes by after transplantation. To
fabricate biodegradable and porous vascular grafts, Matsuda et al .
has been continuing the development of mechanoactive scaffold by