Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
For this large-scale vascular model, the structure was constructed
by dividing the vasculature into ive areas: femoral artery, abdominal
artery, thoracic artery, aortic arch and carotid artery. This allows
the exchange of each part with another vascular model that has a
different shape and disease. And watertight structure was achieved
by constructing rubber lange structure on each partial model and
uniting them into one.
Meanwhile, a simulator body was constructed using transparent
acrylic resin, imitating the posture of female patient (height: 172
cm) lying on surgical bed. By the interventionalist evaluation, we
found it is appropriate for the overall simulator to have the human-
like three-dimensional shape to reproduce surgery. The supporting
structures were set up, and the above-constructed blood vessel
model was anatomically accurately arranged inside the structure.
As a result, a simulation system for the comprehensive surgical
simulation of endovascular intervention was constructed. Moreover,
an environment for the quantitative real-time stress evaluation was
introduced for cerebral area by using photoelastic effect; the details
of this stress analysis will be presented in Chapter 4.
On the other hand, the pulsatile blood low inluences the
catheter during surgical treatment. Therefore, it is important for this
simulator to reproduce the pulsatile human blood streaming in it. In
this purpose, the pulsatile pump that is able to generate an arbitrary
low waveform based on a numeric setting was constructed in this
research (range of low rate: 0.0-10.0 L/sec; range of heart rate:
0-210). (Details about pumps for human blood pressure simulation
will be presented later in this topic.) The outlet of this pulsed low
pump was connected to the coronal area (ascending artery) of the
vascular model locating inside simulator. Meantime, all the outlet
tips of the arterial model were connected with inlet of this pulsatile
pump via the accumulator which adjusts the max/min blood
pressure, and thus, we reproduced the blood circulation similar to
human inside the simulator. Here, water solution (glycerin: 33wt%,
surface active agent: 0.1wt %), which reproduces the viscosity of
human blood, was adopted as this circulation luid. Figure 3.45 shows
the comprehensive surgical simulator for endovascular intervention
inally constructed by this research.
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