Patient-Specific Vascular Modeling - Microsurgery: Advances, Simulations, and Applications - page 112

3.12 Comprehensive Surgical Simulator — EVE

From the previous analysis of vasculature modeling techniques,
we propose an in vitro patient-speciic vascular model of human
major vasculature for the simulation of endovascular intervention
procedures. The medical equipment, including the catheter and the
embolism coil, is inserted from a femoral artery and introduced into
the cerebral area passing through aorta and carotid artery. Therefore,
it is desirable to reproduce not only the cerebral arterial structure
but also the entire artery that operates as an insertion route of the
catheter, in order to precisely reproduce the feature of this surgery.
We propose the overall simulator that achieves the comprehensive
simulation of endovascular intervention treatments by integrating
the element technologies proposed in foregoing sections and then
evaluate its utility. Almost all the medical equipment used in this
surgery, such as catheters, coil and stent, has a lexible structure, and
so, these tools are transformed and induced by the pulsatile blood
low and pulsed motion of vessel wall; therefore it shows a very
complicated behavior. The vascular model proposed in foregoing
sections cannot reproduce this characteristic peculiar to this
surgery alone. No such systematization reproduction of all blood
vessels related to endovascular intervention has been reported so
far. Considering this situation, we propose an environment that
achieves overall surgical simulation by integrating each element
technology proposed in the preceding section. Afterward, the
utility of such a simulation system is discussed in detail through a
diversiied evaluation.

3.12.1 Hardware Construction: Systematization

It is valuable for the surgical simulator for endovascular intervention
to reproduce whole human arterial structure, from femoral artery to
carotid artery in addition to the cerebral artery. And, it is necessary
to reproduce the pulse blood stream similar to that in humans. On
the other hand, for the cerebral part, where the scrupulous attention
and the evaluation of given stress are required during surgery, it is
useful to evaluate the stress given to the blood vessel by operating
medical equipment inside the lumen. In this chapter, the method
of constructing such a simulator is described by systematizing and
developing each technology proposed in previous chapters. It is