Biomedical Engineering Reference
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was generated by in vitro selection (SELEX). 141 In addition, peptides that bind
specifically to target proteins can be isolated by polysome selection, which
provides peptides with higher anities. Peptide ligands with a high anity for
KLK3/PSA were identified by polysome selection, such as the Met-Glu-Arg-
Cys-Pro-Ile-Lys-Met-Phe-Tyr-Asn-Leu-Gly-Ser-Pro-Tyr-Met-Asn-Ile peptide
that displayed a dissociation constant, K d , of 800 pM. 142 Finally, KLKs are
expected to find applications in gene-therapy protocols. It was shown recently
that adenoviral delivery of the Klk1 gene into mice suffering from anti-
glomerular basement membrane-induced nephritis elicited protective effects. 143
Further, in transgenic rats, KLK1 was shown to prevent cardiac fibrosis in
diabetic cardiomyopathy, 144 while adenoviral delivery of KLK1 was applied in
mouse models for the induction of vessel formation and maturation. 145
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