Electrochemical sensors based on carbon nanotubes - Electrochemical Sensors, Biosensors and Their Biomedical Applications - page 459

CHAPTER 15
Electrochemical sensors based on carbon
nanotubes
Manliang Feng, Heyou Han, Jingdong Zhang, and Hiroyasu Tachikawa
15.1 Introduction
15.2 The structure and properties of CNTs
15.2.1 The structure of CNTs
15.2.2 Properties of CNTs
15.2.2.1 Mechanical properties
15.2.2.2 Electronic properties
15.2.2.3 Chemical properties
15.2.3 Preparation of CNTs
15.2.4 Purifi cation of carbon nanotubes
15.2.5 Advantages of electrochemical sensors based on CNTs
15.3 Fabrication and application of electrochemical sensors based on carbon nanotubes
15.3.1 Preparation of carbon nanotube electrodes and their electrochemical characteristics
15.3.1.1 CNT-composite electrodes
15.3.1.2 Vertically aligned CNT-modifi ed electrode
15.3.1.3 Layer-by-layer fabrication of CNT electrode
15.3.1.4 CNT-coated electrodes
15.3.2 Improving the electroanalytical sensitivity and selectivity for small biological and
pharmic molecules with carbon nanotubes
15.3.3 Direct electron transfer of proteins and enzymes on carbon nanotube electrodes
15.3.4 Electrochemical biosensors based on carbon nanotubes
15.4 Spectroscopic characterization of carbon nanotube sensors
15.4.1 Raman spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes
15.4.1.1 General features of Raman spectra from carbon nanotubes
15.4.1.2 Anisotropy of SWNT
15.4.1.3 Single nanotube characterization
15.4.1.4 Raman spectroscopy of modifi ed CNTs
15.4.1.5 Raman spectroscopy of self-assembled carbon nanotubes
15.4.1.6 Raman spectroscopy of CNT composites
15.4.2 FTIR of CNT-based sensors
15.5 Conclusions
15.6 References