Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER 8
Electrochemical sensors for the
determination of hydrogen sulfi de
production in biological samples
David W. Kraus, PhD, Jeannette E. Doeller, PhD,
and Xueji Zhang, PhD
8.1 Introduction
8.1.1 Signifi cance of H
2
S in the life sciences
8.1.1.1 H
2
S chemistry
8.1.1.2 H
2
S biology
8.1.2 H
2
S measurement in biological samples
8.1.2.1 Stability of sulfur
8.1.2.2 Methods for H
2
S measurements
8.2 Advantages of electrochemical sensors for H
2
S determination
8.2.1 Electrochemistry
8.2.2 Multi-sensor respirometry
8.3 Fabrication of polarographic H
2
S sensors
8.3.1 Macro polarographic H
2
S sensors
8.3.2 Miniature polarographic H
2
S sensors
8.4 Calibration of polarographic H
2
S sensors
8.4.1 H
2
S stock solutions
8.4.2 Chemical sources of H
2
S
8.5 Characterization of polarographic H
2
S sensors
8.5.1 Selectivity
8.5.2 Sensitivity
8.5.3 Detection limit
8.5.4 Stability
8.5.5 Reproducibility, precision and accuracy
8.5.6 Linearity and dynamic response range
8.5.7 Response time
8.5.8 Reliability (maintenance-free working time)
8.5.9 Biocompatibility
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