Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLe 23.1
Comparison.of.Solid.Lipid.Nanoparticle.(SLN).Fabrication.Method
Microemulsion
Technique
Hot Homogenization
Cold Homogenization
Method
Disperse the drug with
lipid at 65°C
Disperse the drug with
lipid at 65°C
Disperse the drug with
lipid at 65°C
Add drug to the mixture
of surfactant, co-
surfactant, and water
Disperse the mixture in
the aqueous solution
Rapidly cool down in
nitrogen
High pressure
homogenization around
65°C
Mill the solid lipid drug to
micron size and add to
aqueous phase
Disperse the mixture in
excess cold water
Recrystallization of
nanoemulsion by cooling
down
High pressure
homogenization at RT or
below RT
Wash with water and filter
with membrane
Attributing drug to be
dispersed in amorphous
state
Minimizing the loss of
hydrophilic drug
Advantage
Making small particle size
Degradation of drug and
carrier due to temperature
Affecting particle size from
removal process of water
Larger particle size and PDI
Disadvantage
Limit to hydrophilic drug
the.hot.homogenization.method.has.a.better.capacity.to.incorporate.a.hydrophobic.drug.
compared.to.a.hydrophilic.drug.(Shegokar.et.al..2011).
Cold. homogenization. method. is. introduced. to. apply. hydrophilic. drug. to. SLN.. The.
cold. homogenization. method. results. in. high. encapsulation. eficiency. and. prevention. of.
the.initial.burst.release.of.hydrophilic.drug.from.the.SLN.when.compared.with.the.hot.
homogenization. method.. Drug-containing. systems. obtained. from. rapid. cooling. by. dry.
ice. or. liquid. nitrogen. are. ground. to. make. particles. of. 50-100.μm.. The. particles. are. sus-
pended.into.chilled.aqueous.solution.containing.surfactant..This.suspension.then.under-
goes.a.high-pressure.homogenization.process,.which.can.break.the.microparticle.to.much.
smaller.SLNs..Even.though.this.process.results.in.a.relatively.large.particle.size.and.het-
erogeneous.size.distribution.as.compared.with.the.hot.homogenization.technique,.it.can.
be.used.to.incorporate.hydrophilic.and.thermally.sensitive.drugs.(Dingler.and.Gohla.2002;.
Hou.et.al..2003;.Olbrich.et.al..2004;.Shegokar.et.al..2011).
This.nanoparticulate.system.has.been.used.in.cosmetic.and.drug.delivery.applications..
Recently,.SLNs.doped.with.anticancer.drugs.including.doxorubicin,.paclitaxel,.and.cho-
lesteryl.ester.were.manufactured.by.an.oil-in-water.microemulsion.technique..An.antican-
cer.drug.incorporated.into.a.lipid.matrix.presents.much.higher.therapeutic.effects.when.
compared. with. non-incorporated. drugs. (Serpe. et. al.. 2004).. It. has. also. been. shown. that.
