Micro- and Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering - The Nanobiotechnology - page 512

was.used.with.nanosurface.features.similar.to.that.of.gecko.feet,.which.allows.geckos.
to. climb. vertical. surfaces.. Tissue. adhesion. was. optimized. by. varying. dimensions. of.
the. nanoscale. pillars,. including. the. ratio. of. tip. diameter. to. pitch. and. the. ratio. of. tip.
diameter.to.base.diameter..It.was.also.found.that.by.coating.these.nanomolded.pillars.
with.a.thin.layer.of.oxidized.dextran,.the.interfacial.adhesion.strength.was.signiicantly.
increased. when. applied. to. porcine. intestine. tissue. in. vitro. and. to. the. rat. abdominal.
subfascial.in.vivo.environment..This.gecko-inspired.medical.adhesive.brings.nanotech-
nology.to.a.new.spectrum.of.potential.applications.such.as.wound.sealing.and.suture.
replacement.
22.4 Conclusions and Perspectives
Nanotechnology-based. approaches. toward. scaffold. fabrication. continue. to. emerge. as. a.
powerful. toolset. in. the. development. of. tissue. engineering.. Numerous. techniques. have.
been. developed. for. producing. nanotopographically. deined. scaffolds,. thereby. creating.
more.possibilities.for.replication.of.the.architecture.of.natural.basement.membrane..With.
the.advancement.of.these.techniques.for.making.scaffolds.capable.of.mimicking.the.ECM,.
engineered. constructs. are. brought. one. step. closer. to. replication. of. the. in. vivo. microen-
vironment.. Cell. responses. toward. nanotopographic. features. have. also. introduced. new.
signaling.mechanisms.for.the.regeneration.of.speciic.tissues..These.and.other.advances.
highlight.the.important.role.of.nanotechnology.in.the.enablement.of.tissue.engineering.of.
complex.systems.
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