Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Single unbinding
events
Multiple unbinding
events
EGTA
200 pN
50 nm
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Anti-VE-cadherin
*
*
*
*
*
(A)
Vertical distance
100
100
50
1
z
Stiff cell
Soft cell
50
Hyperpolarized cells
Depolarized cells
0
0
-50
-100
-50
-100
-150
2
20 μm
20 μm
-150
-200
3
-200
0.0
0.5 1.0
Z piezo position (μm)
1.5
2.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
(B)
Z piezo position (μm)
4
3
2
1
0
16
nm
5 GPa
-1
-2
0
50 100
Position (nm)
150 200
(a)
(b)
nm
-4
1
GPa
4.5 GPa
(e)
nm
6
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
(c)
(d)
nm
-4
1
GPa
0
50 100
Position (nm)
150 200
(C)
(f )
Figure 16.3
(See companion CD for color igure.) .AFM.enables.local.force.measurements.by.vertical.movement.of.the.AFM.
cantilever.and.probe..(A).Dimerization.of.protein.cadherin.evaluated.by.immobilizing.the.protein.both.on.the.
AFM.probe.and.the.substrate..(Left.igure:.Reprinted.from.Kumar,.S..and.Hoh,.J.H.,. Trafic ,.2(11),.746..Copyright.
2001,.Munksgaard;.right.igure:.Reprinted.from.Baumgartner,.W..et.al.,. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA ,.97(8),.4005..
Copyright. 2000,. National. Academy. of. Sciences,. USA.). (B). Cellular. stiffness. determined. from. the. slope. of. a.
force-distance.curve..A.steeper.lope.corresponds.to.a.stiffer.cell..The.irst.detectable.linear.slope.of.the.curve.
is.depicted.in.red..(Reprinted.with.permission.from.Callies,.C..et.al.,. J. Cell Sci .,.124(11),.1936..Copyright.2011,.
The. Company. of. Biologists. Ltd.). (C). Imaging. and. stiffness. of. amyloid. ibrils. assessed. using. the. PeakForce.
imaging.mode..(Reprinted.from.Springer.Science+Business.Media:. Nanoscale Res. Lett .,.Nanomechanical.prop-
erties.of.α-synuclein.amyloid.ibrils:.A.comparative.study.by.nanoindentation,.harmonic.force.microscopy,.and.
PeakForce.QNM,.6(1),.270,.Sweers,.K.,.Van.der.Werf,.K.,.Bennink,.M..et.al.,.Copyright.2011.)
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