Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
11.4 Applications
Compared.to.other.micro/nanofabrication.techniques,.μCP.is.featured.by.its.capability.for.
larger-area,. high-resolution,. and. low-cost. printing. of. a. broad. range. of. functional. mate-
rials. on. various. types. of. substrates. with. relatively. high. resolution. and. reproducibility..
Moreover,.most.μCP.processes.do.not.involve.harsh.conditions.such.as.high.temperature,.
high-energy.radiation,.and.highly.reactive.chemicals.that.are.unavoidable.in.some.major.
micro/nanofabrication. techniques. such. as. photolithography,. electron-beam. lithogra-
phy,. nanoimprint. lithography,. and. hot. embossing.. As. a. result,. μCP. has. been. used. for. a.
wide.range.of.applications.ranging.from.micro/nanofabrication,.fabrication.of.functional.
devices,.study.of.cell.biology,.preparation.of.microarrays,.and.production.of.microparticles.
to.fabrication.of.metamaterials.
11.4.1 Micro/Nanofabrication
μCP.is.commonly.combined.with.other.techniques.to.fabricate.micro/nanostructures.of.
functional.materials..It.was.initially.developed.to.create.masks.for.wet.etching.to.replace.
photoresist.patterns.prepared.by.photolithography..The.most.commonly.used.masks.are.
SAMs.of.alkanethiols.printed.on.Au.surfaces..Metal.nanowires.have.been.produced.using.
this.method.(Geissler.et.al..2003)..Koide.et.al..(2003).printed.DTS.monolayer.patterns.onto.
ITO. as. a. hole-injection. blocking. layer. for. fabricating. an. organic. light-emitting. diode..
Stuart. et. al.. (2010). printed. multilayer. nanoscale. crossbar. structures,. demonstrating. the.
capability.of.this.technique.to.fabricate.3D.circuits..Kind.et.al..(1999).printed.iron-based.
catalysts. on. SiO
2
/Si. surface. and. grew. carbon. nanotubes. by. catalytic. decomposition. of.
acetylene.. Huang. et. al.. (2000). took. a. different. approach. to. generating. carbon. nanotube.
arrays.. In. their. method,. SAMs. of. alkylsiloxane. were. patterned. on. a. quartz. substrate. to.
direct.deposition.of.polymer.on.the.SAM-free.areas..The.polymer.was.then.transformed.to.
carbon.black,.and.vertically.aligned.carbon.nanotubes.were.formed.by.pyrolysis.of.iron(II).
phthalocyanine..The.micropatterned.carbon.nanotubes.promise.to.be.useful.as.electron.
emitters.in.lat.panel.displays..In.addition,.Zhou.et.al..(2006).printed.initiator-terminated.
thiols.on.Au.for.synthesizing.polymer.brushes.based.on.surface-initiated.atomic.transfer.
radical.polymerization.and.demonstrated.patterning.multiple.types.of.polymer.brushes.
11.4.2 Functional Devices
Many.functional.devices.have.been.constructed.based.on.μCP..Rogers.et.al..(1997).produced.
conducting.microcoils.by.printing.SAM.stripes.around.a.metal-coated.glass.capillary.and.
etching.away.the.uncovered.metal..They.demonstrated.the.use.of.the.microcoils.for.high-
resolution. nuclear. magnetic. resonance. spectroscopy. of. nanoliter. samples.. μCP. has. also.
been. used. to. pattern. electrodes. in. various. devices. including. light-emitting. diodes. and.
thin-ilm.transistors.(Rogers.et.al..2000),.large.electrophoretic.displays.(Rogers.et.al..2001),.
and.monolithically.integrated,.lexible.display.of.polymer-dispersed.liquid.crystal.(Mach.
et.al..2001)..Briseno.et.al..(2006).printed.octadecyltriethoxysilane.to.control.the.nucleation.
of. vapor-grown. organic. single. crystals.. Using. this. method,. they. produced. large. arrays.
of. high-performance. organic. single-crystal. ield-effect. transistors. on. lexible. substrates..
Kim.et.al..(2008a).patterned.colloidal.quantum.dots.by.μCP.into.multilayer.light-emitting.
devices.and.demonstrated.multicolor.electroluminescent.structures.
