Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10 µm
(a)
(b)
D
1
d
1
L
D
2
d
2
~30°
50 µm
(c)
(d)
200 nm
1 µm
(e)
Figure 9.1
(See companion CD for color igure.)
.Morphology.and.structure.of.natural.butterly.wing.scales..(a).Photograph.
of.a.
Morphopeleides
.butterly..(b).SEM.image.of.a.single.wing.scale..(c).Optical.image.of.the.periodic.array.of.
wing.scales..(d).The.schematic.of.a.unit.cell.on.the.lamellae..(e).SEM.images.of.the.structure.of.the.lamellae.
on.the.scale..(Reprinted.with.permission.from.Huang,.J.,.Wang,.X.,.and.Wang,.Z..L.,.Controlled.replication.of.
butterly.wings.for.achieving.tunable.photonic.properties,.
Nano Lett.
,.6,.2325-2331..Copyright.2006.American.
Chemical.Society.)
length.(
L
),.∼100.nm.in.diameter.(
d
1
),.and.∼60.nm.(
D
1
).away.from.each.other,.bound.together.
by.an.array.of.ribs.(diameter.
d
2
.=.20.nm.and.inter.distance.
D
2
.=.50.nm)..The.unit.cells.on.the.
lamella. are. tilted. with. an. angle. of. around. 30°.. The. long-range-ordered. multiple-layered.
structure.in.combination.with.the.periodic.nanostructure.in.the.scale.of.a.butterly's.wing.
gives.rise.to.the.unique.color.phenomenon.
9.2.2 Structural Color Phenomena of Butterfly Wing
As.mentioned.earlier,.the.stunning.coloration.of.the.
Morpho
.butterly.wing.is.caused.by.an.
iridescence.phenomenon.(Vukusic.and.Sambles.2003,.Watanabe.et.al..2005b)..Iridescence.is.
a.structural.color.formed.by.light.resonance.using.geometric.structures.in.the.absence.of.
pigment,.dye,.or.luminescence.(Fudouzi.2011)..The.nanostructured.veins.in.the.scales.are.
approximately.160-200.nm.apart..Blue.light.occurs.in.the.wavelength.range.of.400-480.nm,.
which.is.double.the.vein.distance.on.the.scales..Chitin.wings.of.these.butterlies.are.made.
of. discretely. conigured. multiple. layers.. The. layers. of. scales. relect. incident. light. and.
produce.interference.effects..Because.the.relected.light.from.different.layers.will.have.a.
