Biomedical Engineering Reference
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Figure 9.55 XRD patterns of porous titanium oxide ilm obtained by
anodization in 1M H 2 SO 4 and 0.15 wt% HF at 15 V and
annealed at 200°C for 2 min (a), 300°C for 3 h (b), 400°C for
3 h (c), and 600°C for 3 h (d) [6].
Figure 9.56 XRD patterns of anodic porous titanium oxide ilm obtained
by anodization in 1M H 2 SO 4 and 0.15 wt% HF at 15 V and
annealed at 300°C for 2 min (a), 30 min (b), and 3 h (c) [6].
Electrochemical formation of nanotubes is also possible in
Ti-alloys such as Ti-Al-V [49, 52], Ti-Al-Nb [52], Ti-Zr [115],
Ti-Mn [57], and Ti-Zr-Nb [16]. For example, Luo et al . [49]
investigated oxide nanotube arrays fabricated by anodization of
Ti-6Al-4V alloy in 0.3M H 3 PO 4 + 0.14M NH 4 F electrolyte. They
prepared nanotubes with 90-180 nm in diameter and 10-20
nm in wall thicknesses (Fig. 9.57). The obtained nanotubes on
Ti-alloy background have morphology comparable to the etched
pure Ti (see previous pages). The nanotubes were prepared by
etching for 2 h with applying 20-40 V, but for 10 V and 50 V, the
 
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