Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(a)
(d)
0.7
7
0.65
6
0.6
5
0.55
0.5
4
0.45
3
0.4
2
0.35
(b)
(e)
4
2.2
3.5
2
3
1.8
2.5
2
1.6
1.5
1.4
1
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
(c)
Walking speed (m/s)
0.36
0.34
OG, V+
OG, Vā
TM, V+
TM, Vā
0.32
0.3
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
Walking speed (m/s)
Fig. 6.3
Overground versus treadmill walking. Group means with SEM for
a
step length,
b
step
frequency,
c
walk ratio,
d
head sway from left to right, and
e
vertical head bounce, as a function of
walking speed (in m/s). Walking was either overground (OG) or stationary walking on the treadmill
(TM), and there was either visual feedback (V
). Fourteen participants, between the
ages of 19 and 33 (7 females), walked 3 times for 30 s at a constant velocity for each condition.
Dependent measures were obtained from measurements of the position of the head, and step length
and frequency were corrected for individual heights (see also Sect.
6.2.1
)
+
)ornot(V
ā
