Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Modeling Approaches and Challenges of Evaporating Sessile
Droplets
M. Antoni
a
and K. Sefiane
b
Aix - Marseille Université - Université Paul Cézanne, UMR - CNRS 6263 ISM
2
Centre St. Jérôme - BP 461 - Marseille 13397 Cedex 20, France
a
b
School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings Edinburgh,
EH9 3JL, United Kingdom
Contents
A. Introduction ...............................................
129
B.ChallengesandLimitationsin .....................................
135
C.FEMApproachandIllustrationofEvaporatingDroplets ......................
139
D. Theoretical Model and Parameters ...................................
140
E. Simulation of the Hydrodynamics of Heated Water Droplets
. . . .................
146
F.Conclusion ...............................................
154
G.References................................................
155
A. Introduction
Droplet evaporation has historically been of interest in many different branches of
science and engineering and describes the process whereby a single fluid droplet
transforms into a vapour phase, by the absorption of the required latent heat from a
heated element or the ambient. The heat transfer rate that can be achieved by drop-
wise evaporative cooling is much greater than that of air cooling techniques, so is of
fundamental importance in many areas involving heat transfers. The recent expan-
sion in the micro-electronics industry and Microsystems in general has for example
reignited interest in drop-wise evaporation as a potential cooling mechanism for mi-
crochips and microreactors. The number of transistors per integrated circuit board
has increased exponentially since its invention and thus the cooling requirements
have increased correspondingly to the point where traditional air cooled systems
cannot meet anymore the required thermal load. More generally fuel droplets play
significant roles in the spray and combustion processes. The performance and op-
eration of gas turbines, industrial furnaces, diesel engines and rocket engines all
depend on understanding droplet evaporation and combustion, and the ability to
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