Harnessing Cell–Biomaterial Interactions for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration - Tissue Engineering: Cell-Surface Interactions for Tissue Culture - page 67

Harnessing Cell-Biomaterial Interactions
for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration

Kyobum Kim, Diana M. Yoon, Antonios G. Mikos and F. Kurtis Kasper

Abstract Articular cartilage that is damaged or diseased often requires surgical
intervention to repair the tissue; therefore, tissue engineering strategies have been
developed to aid in cartilage regeneration. Tissue engineering approaches often
require the integration of cells, biomaterials, and growth factors to direct and
support tissue formation. A variety of cell types have been isolated from adipose,
bone marrow, muscle, and skin tissue to promote cartilage regeneration. The
interaction of cells with each other and with their surrounding environment has
been shown to play a key role in cartilage engineering. In tissue engineering
approaches, biomaterials are commonly used to provide an initial framework for
cell recruitment and proliferation and tissue formation. Modifications of the
properties of biomaterials, such as creating sites for cell binding, altering their
physicochemical characteristics, and regulating the delivery of growth factors, can
have a significant influence on chondrogenesis. Overall, the goal is to completely
restore healthy cartilage within an articular cartilage defect. This chapter aims to
provide information about the importance of cell-biomaterial interactions for the
chondrogenic differentiation of various cell populations that can eventually pro-
duce functional cartilage matrix that is indicative of healthy cartilage tissue.

Keywords Biomaterials Cartilage Cells Tissue engineering

Abbreviations

ADSC Adipose-derived stem cell

BMP Bone morphogenetic protein

CS Chondroitin sulfate

EB Embryoid body

ECM Extracellular matrix

ESC Embryonic stem cell

FGF Fibroblast growth factor

HA Hyaluronic acid

hDF Human dermal fibroblast

K. Kim D. M. Yoon A. G. Mikos F. K. Kasper ( )

Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS-142, P.O. Box 1892,
Houston TX 77251-1892, USA
e-mail: [e-mail]

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