Biomedical Engineering Reference
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Fig. 4 Surface feature of scaffold. a Monolayer formation via LB technique including three
steps: (a) spreading of polymer solution; (b) compression to single monolayer; (c) film
transformation onto substrate. b Regeneration of cellulose LB-monolayer; c scaffold coated with
a LB-monolayer; d
reaction zones of functionalized polymers within a multilayer system
be introduced as well as crosslinkable groups to introduce surface patterns via
lithographic processes [
164
]. Furthermore, bioactive factors and the corresponding
ligands, such as purinergic (P) ligands could be connected via non-covalent or
covalent bonds. LB films based on cellulose, PLA, and polypeptides have been
studied as well as films prepared from polyelectrolytes [
165
].
L
-Carnitine is a
natural betaine with vitamin properties playing an essential role in fatty acid
metabolism. Polymer synthesis routes are designed to maintain the primary
structure and specific properties of carnitine, such as hydrophilicity and stiffening.
Poly(carnitine) co-polymers such as poly(croton betain) and poly(carnitine ally-
lester) have been synthesized that can be used for microemulsion and microcapsule
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