Artificial Scaffolds and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Hard Tissues - Tissue Engineering: Cell-Surface Interactions for Tissue Culture - page 155

SCAP Stem cells from the apical papilla

SCID Severe combined immunodeficiency

SEM Scanning electron microscope

SES Screw extrusion system

SHED Stem cells of human exfoliated deciduous teeth

SLA Selective laser ablation

SLS Selective laser sintering

SMCs Smooth muscle cells

Sox2 Sex determining region Y-related High-Mobility Group box 2

TGF-b Transforming growth factor b

TIP Tension-induced proteins

TP Tricalcium phosphate

TRP Transient receptor potential

Uridine-5 0 -triphosphate

UTP

VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor

Wnt Wingless integration (signaling pathway)

Contents

1 Introduction........................................................................................................................ 155

2 SCs for Bone Regeneration............................................................................................... 157

2.1 SCs and Their Potential............................................................................................ 157

3 Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration ...................................................................................... 163

3.1 Conventional Scaffold Materials and Fabrication Methods.................................... 164

3.2 Conventional Scaffold Fabrication Methods ........................................................... 166

3.3 Nanomaterials and Novel Fabrication Methods ...................................................... 167

4 Scaffold-Cell Interaction .................................................................................................. 169

4.1 Surface Modification Methods ................................................................................. 169

4.2 MSCs on Artificial Surfaces .................................................................................... 176

5 Scaffold-Cell Interaction in Hard Tissue Engineering .................................................... 181

5.1 MSCs on Scaffolds for Bone Defects...................................................................... 181

5.2 MSCs for Dental Tissues ......................................................................................... 182

6 Future Developments......................................................................................................... 184

References ............................................................................................................................... 185

1 Introduction

Modern medicine has provided several breakthrough successes in drug research,
such as the discovery of antibiotics providing the ability to cure bacteria-caused
infectious diseases, and in surgery, such as solid organ transplantation providing