Biomedical Engineering Reference
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individual chains participating in various helical sequences. Again, the conformational
change is observed to occur quite suddenly over a narrow range of temperatures, but
currently there is no clear way to separate the two aggregation stages, helical formation
and lateral aggregation during gelation. A very large hysteresis appears between gel
formation and melting temperatures of the gels. The state of aggregation, however, can be
modi
ed by changes in the solvent composition (sucrose). Elasticity is controlled by
concentration and molecular mass in aqueous solution. Yet another example of a helical
network is provided by gellan, which apparently shows an additional enhancement of the
shear modulus from ionic effects (
Chapter 5
). The mechanism of increase of the shear
modulus in this case is not well known and may be due either to a larger size of
aggregates or to a loss of their
flexibility.
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