Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Control
Si-HPMC
Si-HPMC/RNC
(
a
)
(
b
)
Si-HPMC
Si-HPMC/RNC
Control
(
c
)
i
ii
iii
iv
Figure 1.4
Cellulose-based scaffold for cartilage: (a) Macroscopic and
(b) histological analysis of defects treated with Si-HPMC alone (Si-HPMC) or
with Si-HPMC containing RNC (Si-HPMC/ RNC) 6 weeks after implantation
and compared with defects left empty (as a control). (c) Immunohistological
analysis of articular cartilage defects after 6 weeks implantation. Representative
sections of defects fi lled with Si-HPMC containing autologous RNC were stained
with hematoxylin/phloxin/safran (c-i), Alcian blue (c-ii), Masson's trichrome
(c-iii), and immunostained for type II collagen (c-iv). HC: healthy cartilage. RT:
repaired tissue. Reprinted with permission from [116].
self-setting, cellulose-based hydrogel has been developed by Vinatier
et al.
[116-118] which consists of silanized hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
(Si-HPMC). The authors demonstrated that this Si-HPMC hydrogel was a
suitable matrix for the
in vitro
three-dimensional culture of rabbit articular
chondrocytes. The transplantation of Si-HPMC hydrogel containing autol-
ogous nasal chondrocytes led to the repair of an articular cartilage defect
in a rabbit model (Figure 1.4). The transplantation of Si-HPMC hydrogel
and cells constructed in an articular cartilage defect through percutaneous
injection has paved the way for new therapeutic strategies for the treat-
ment of cartilage defects in minimally invasive surgery. However, the den-
sity of hydrogel networks is critically important and need to be optimized
for maintenance of the chondrocyte phenotype [119], and such parametric
studies need major attention before implantation. Other research group
[120] investigated the suitability of viscose cellulose sponges as a scaffold
for cartilage tissue engineering. The sponges were also coated with recom-
binant human type II collagen and lyophilized, and then crosslinked with
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