Bioactive Polymers and Nanobiomaterials Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering - Biomimetics: Advancing Nanobiomaterials and Tissue Engineering - page 111

the mechanisms of polymer/nanomaterials with bone tissue remain
unknown. As for the technological development, the challenge is to design
and manufacture a biodegradable nanocomposite scaffold possessing a
tailored porosity and pore structure which is able to withstand in vivo load
and sustain its properties for a suffi ciently extended time.
Various scaffold production techniques for the processing of a vari-
ety of polymeric nanocomposite materials are currently employed. Each
presents some advantages over others along with its characteristic short-
coming, such as, the lack in control of scaffold porosity, pore size and dis-
tribution, and the presence of residual toxic solvent into the scaffold. The
problems of controlling accuracy and reproducibility for manufactured
scaffolds at an industrial scale and in a cost effective manner still remain
unresolved and have to be addressed in future R&D in this fi eld.
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