Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 27.1
Experimental (
top row
)and
in silico
(
bottom row
) results of controlled spreading on T-
and V-shaped adhesive islands. Adapted with permission from Loosli et al. (
2010
)
important details of experimental setup, and measurements relevant for the confir-
mation of the computational results, might be omitted. This is often the case for
boundary conditions and mechanical properties of the material, which generally
hold true only for the exact conditions of the testing setup. Consequently, while
numerous experimental reports can be found in literature, extrapolations or estima-
tions of such data for validation purposes could be misleading and erroneous.
27.3 Tissue Level
It has long been shown that trabecular bone is more susceptible to the effects of
osteoporosis than cortical bone (Leichter et al.,
1987
). Non-surprisingly, most pre-
dictive models for bone adaptation on the tissue level focus on this particular compo-
nent of bone. While a large number of existing models have already been extensively
reviewed (Gerhard et al.,
2009
; Webster and Müller,
2011
), validation of those stud-
ies has never been comprehensively discussed. This section covers bone remodeling
algorithms which have been validated in one way or another. Additionally, a new
in
vivo
validation technique for a recently developed model of mechanically triggered
trabecular remodeling is discussed.
The first algorithm based on true bone geometry comprised a phenomenological
model for bone resorption and was performed on the high resolution quantitative
