Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 10
Cardiovascular Tissue Damage:
An Experimental and Computational
Framework
Nele Famaey, Ellen Kuhl, Gerhard A. Holzapfel, and Jos Vander Sloten
Abstract
Tissue overload during medical procedures can lead to severe complica-
tions. This chapter presents an experimental and computational framework to define
and predict damage due to mechanical loading and applies this framework to ar-
terial clamping. An extension of the Holzapfel-material model for arterial tissue is
presented, incorporating smooth muscle cell activation and damage to the different
constituents. It is implemented in a finite element framework and used to simulate
arterial clamping and subsequent damage evaluation through an isometric contrac-
tion test. These simulations are compared to actual experiments and repeated for a
different clamp design, thereby demonstrating the capability of the framework.
10.1 Introduction
In the USA in 2007, a 0
.
5 % chance existed to complications due to tissue overload
during a medical procedure and 7 % of these complications had fatal consequences
(Health Grades,
2012
). In an effort to minimize this number, research has been di-
rected towards decreasing unnecessary intraoperative trauma, by shifting towards
N. Famaey (
J. Vander Sloten
Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300C, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
e-mail:
nele.famaey@mech.kuleuven.be
J. Vander Sloten
)
ยท
E. Kuhl
Department of Mechanical Engineering, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
e-mail:
ekuhl@stanford.edu
G.A. Holzapfel
Institute of Biomechanics, Center of Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology,
Kronesgasse 5-I, 8010 Graz, Austria
e-mail:
holzapfel@tugraz.at
G.A. Holzapfel
Department of Solid Mechanics, School of Engineering Sciences, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), Osquars Backe 1, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
