Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 6.6-17 Virtual microscopy: visualization of nerve cells. (Left top) Tiles of images (
w
150 pcs each 640
480 pixels) acquired
using light microscope at 1000
.(Left bottom) Seamlessly stitched virtual field of view image that can help follow single axons of the
cell. (Right) Ventral spinal root from an individual dying of acute motor axonal neuropathy. Macrophages are seen insinuating their way
into periaxonal space through the node of Ranvien. (Images courtesy of M. Solaiyappan, Tony Ho, Aline Fang-Ling Li, John Griffin,
Raghu Raghavan.)
the virtual image is crucial for such integration
[56-58]
.
For such purposes, a stereotaxic reference frame that is
stationary with respect to the subject and remains
physically attached to the subject during imaging and
surgery is used. Another issue that needs to be addressed
is the change in the shape of the brain during the
craniotomy as the skull is opened for surgery.
convey additional information. For instance, force feed-
back or sensory feedback can help in understanding not
only the spatial structure, but also the physical charac-
teristics of the data, such as deformability and consis-
tency. Multisensory visualization may increase the
channels of communication for interacting with data.
6.6.5 Visualization in biology
6.6.4.3 Imitative visualization by sensory
feedback
Although visualization in biology is a less pervasive
technology today than it is in medicine, there is an in-
creasing trend toward using powerful visualization tools
in biology. It is important to note that many of the
In the next generation of visualization systems, the
concept of visualization will extend beyond graphical
displays and include other forms of perception that
