Special Types of Concrete - Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures - page 308

CHAPTER 18
Special Types of Concrete

Special types of concrete are those with out-of-the-ordi-
nary properties or those produced by unusual techniques.
Concrete is by definition a composite material consisting
essentially of a binding medium and aggregate particles,
and it can take many forms. Table 18-1 lists many special
types of concrete made with portland cement and some
made with binders other than portland cement. In many
cases the terminology of the listing describes the use,
property, or condition of the concrete. Brand names are
not given. Some of the more common concretes are dis-
cussed in this chapter.

STRUCTURAL LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE

Structural lightweight concrete is similar to normal-
weight concrete except that it has a lower density. It is
made with lightweight aggregates (all-lightweight con-
crete) or with a combination of lightweight and normal-
weight aggregates. The term “sand lightweight” refers to
lightweight concrete made with coarse lightweight
aggregate and natural sand.
Structural lightweight concrete has an air-dry density
in the range of 1350 to 1850 kg/m 3 (85 to 115 pcf) and a

Table 18-1. Some Special Types of Concrete

Special types of concrete made with portland cement

Architectural concrete Heavyweight concrete Recycled concrete

Autoclaved cellular concrete High-early-strength concrete Roller-compacted concrete

Centrifugally cast concrete High-performance concrete Sawdust concrete

Colloidal concrete High-strength concrete Self-compacting concrete

Colored concrete Insulating concrete Shielding concrete

Controlled-density fill Latex-modified concrete Shotcrete

Cyclopean (rubble) concrete Low-density concrete Shrinkage-compensating concrete

Dry-packed concrete Mass concrete Silica-fume concrete

Epoxy-modified concrete Moderate-strength lightweight concrete Soil-cement

Exposed-aggregate concrete Nailable concrete Stamped concrete

Ferrocement No-slump concrete Structural lightweight concrete

Fiber concrete Polymer-modified concrete Superplasticized concrete

Fill concrete Pervious (porous) concrete Terrazzo

Flowable fill Pozzolan concrete Tremie concrete

Flowing concrete Precast concrete Vacuum-treated concrete

Fly-ash concrete Prepacked concrete Vermiculite concrete

Gap-graded concrete Preplaced aggregate concrete White concrete

Geopolymer concrete Reactive-powder concrete Zero-slump concrete

Special types of concrete not using portland cement

Acrylic concrete Furan concrete Polyester concrete

Aluminum phosphate concrete Gypsum concrete Polymer concrete

Asphalt concrete Latex concrete Potassium silicate concrete

Calcium aluminate concrete Magnesium phosphate concrete Sodium silicate concrete

Epoxy concrete Methyl methacrylate (MMA) concrete Sulfur concrete

Most of the definitions of these types of concrete appear in Cement and Concrete Terminology, ACI 116 .