Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 17-3 (Metric). Typical High-Performance Concretes Used in Structures
Mixture number
1
2
3
4
5
6
Water, kg/m
3
151
145
135
145
130
130
Cement, kg/m
3
311
398*
500
335*
513
315
Fly ash, kg/m
3
31
45
—
—
—
40
Slag, kg/m
3
47
—
—
125
—
—
Silica fume, kg/m
3
16
32*
30
40*
43
23
Coarse aggregate, kg/m
3
1068
1030
1100
1130
1080
1140
Fine aggregate, kg/m
3
676
705
700
695
685
710
Water reducer, L/m
3
1.6
1.7
—
1.0
—
1.5
Retarder, L/m
3
—
1.8
—
—
—
Air, %
7 ± 1.5
5 - 8
—
—
—
5.5
HRWR or plasticizer, L/m
3
2.1
3
14
6.5
15.7
5.0
Water to cementing materials ratio
0.37
0.30
0.27
0.29
0.25
0.34
Comp. strength at 28 days, MPa
59
—
93
99
119
—
Comp. strength at 91 days, MPa
—
60
107
104
145
—
1. Wacker Drive bi-level roadway, Chicago, 2001.
2. Confederation Bridge, Northumberland Strait, Prince Edward Island/New Brunswick, 1997.
3. La Laurentienne Building, Montreal, 1984.
4. BCE Place Phase 2, Toronto, 1993.
5. Two Union Square, Seattle, 1988.
6. Great Belt Link, East Bridge, Denmark, 1996.
* Originally used a blended cement containing silica fume. Portland cement and silica fume quantities have been separated for comparison
purposes.
Table 17-3 (Inch-Pound Units). Typical High-Performance Concretes Used in Structures
Mixture number
1
2
3
4
5
6
Water, lb/yd
3
254
244
227
244
219
219
Cement, lb/yd
3
525
671*
843
565*
865
531
Fly ash, lb/yd
3
53
76
—
—
—
67
Slag, lb/yd
3
79
—
—
211
—
—
Silica fume, lb/yd
3
27
54*
51
67*
72
39
Coarse aggregate, lb/yd
3
1800
1736
1854
1905
1820
1921
Fine aggregate, lb/yd
3
1140
1188
1180
1171
1155
1197
Water reducer, oz/yd
3
41
47
—
27
—
38
Retarder, oz/yd
3
—
—
48
—
—
—
Air, %
7 ± 1.5
5 - 8
—
—
—
5.5
HRWR or plasticizer, oz/yd
3
55
83
375
175
420
131
Water to cementing materials ratio
0.37
0.30
0.27
0.29
0.25
0.34
Comp. strength at 28 days, psi
8,590
—
13,500
14,360
17,250
—
Comp. strength at 91 days, psi
—
8700
15,300
15,080
21,000
—
1. Wacker Drive bi-level roadway, Chicago, 2001.
2. Confederation Bridge, Northumberland Strait, Prince Edward Island/New Brunswick, 1997.
3. La Laurentienne Building, Montreal, 1984.
4. BCE Place Phase 2, Toronto, 1993.
5. Two Union Square, Seattle, 1988.
6. Great Belt Link, East Bridge, Denmark, 1996.
* Originally used a blended cement containing silica fume. Portland cement and silica fume quantities have been separated for comparison
purposes.
hours (or even minutes) to several days. High-early-
strength can be attained by using traditional concrete
ingredients and concreting practices, although sometimes
special materials or techniques are needed.
High-early-strength can be obtained by using one or a
combination of the following, depending on the age at
which the specified strength must be achieved and on job
conditions:
1. Type III or HE high-early-strength cement
2. High cement content (400 to 600 kg/m
3
or 675 to 1000
lb/yd
3
)
