Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Lerch, William,
Basic Principles of Air-Entrained Concrete,
T-101, Portland Cement Association, 1960.
McNeal, F., and Gay, F., “Solutions to Scaling Concrete,”
Concrete Construction,
Addison, Illinois, March 1996, pages
250 to 255.
Menzel, Carl A., and Woods, William M.,
An Investigation
of Bond, Anchorage and Related Factors in Reinforced Concrete
Beams,
Research Department Bulletin
RX042
, Portland
Cement Association, 1952.
Mielenz, R. C.; Wokodoff, V. E.; Backstrom, J. E.; and Flack,
H. L., “Origin, Evolution, and Effects of the Air-Void
System in Concrete. Part 1-Entrained Air in Unhardened
Concrete,” July 1958, “Part 2-Influence of Type and
Amount of Air-Entraining Agent,” August 1958, “Part 3-
Influence of Water-Cement Ratio and Compaction,”
September 1958, and “Part 4-The Air-Void System in Job
Concrete,” October 1958,
Journal of the American Concrete
Institute,
Farmington Hills, Michigan, 1958
.
Pigeon, M. and Pleau, R.,
Durability of Concrete in Cold
Climates,
E&FN Spon, New York, 1995, 244 pages.
Pinto, Roberto C. A., and Hover, Kenneth C.,
Frost and
Scaling Resistance of High-Strength Concrete,
Research and
Development Bulletin
RD122
, Portland Cement Asso-
ciation, 2001, 70 pages.
Powers, T. C., “The Mechanism of Frost Action in
Concrete,”
Stanton Walker Lecture Series on the Materials
Sciences,
Lecture No. 3, National Sand and Gravel
Association and National Ready Mixed Concrete
Association, Silver Spring, Maryland, 1965a.
Powers, T. C., and Helmuth, R. A.,
Theory of Volume Changes
in Hardened Portland Cement Paste During Freezing,
Research
Department Bulletin
RX046
, Portland Cement Association,
http://www.portcement.org/pdf_files/RX046.pdf
, 1953.
Powers, T. C.,
Basic Considerations Pertaining to Freezing and
Thawing Tests,
Research Department Bulletin
RX058
,
Portland Cement Association,
http://www.portcement.
org/pdf_files/RX058.pdf
, 1955.
Powers, T. C.,
The Air Requirement of Frost-Resistant
Concrete,
Research Department Bulletin
RX033
, Portland
Cement Association,
http://www.portcement.org/pdf_
files/RX033.pdf
, 1949.
Powers, T. C.,
Topics in Concrete Technology:… (3) Mixtures
Containing Intentionally Entrained Air; (4) Characteristics of
Air-Void Systems,
Research Department Bulletin
RX174
,
Portland Cement Association,
http://www.portcement.
org/pdf_files/RX174.pdf
, 1965.
Powers, T. C.,
Void Spacing as a Basis for Producing Air-
Entrained Concrete,
Research Department Bulletin
RX049
,
Portland Cement Association,
http://www.portcement.
org/pdf_files/RX049.pdf
, 1954
Sayward, John M.,
Salt Action on Concrete,
Special Report
84-25, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering
Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire, August 1984.
South Dakota Department of Transportation, I
nvestigation
of Low Compressive Strength of Concrete in Paving, Precast
and Structural Concrete,
Study SD 1998-03, PCA Serial No.
52002-17, Pierre, South Dakota, 2000.
Stanton, Thomas E., “Durability of Concrete Exposed to
Sea Water and Alkali Soils-California Experience,”
Journal
of the American Concrete lnstitute,
Farmington Hills, Mich-
igan, May 1948.
Stark, David C.,
Effect of Vibration on the Air-System and
Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete,
Research and Develop-
ment Bulletin
RD092
, Portland Cement Association,
http:
//www.portcement.org/pdf_files/RD092.pdf
, 1986.
Stark, David,
Longtime Study of Concrete Durability in
Sulfate Soils,
Research and Development Bulletin
RD086
,
Portland Cement Association,
http://www.portcement.
org/pdf_files/RD086.pdf
, 1984.
Taylor, Thomas G.,
Effect of Carbon Black and Black Iron Oxide
on Air Content and Durability of Concrete,
Research De-
partment Bulletin
RX023
, Portland Cement Association,
http://www.portcement.org/pdf_files/RX023.pdf
, 1948.
Verbeck, G. J.,
Field and Laboratory Studies of the Sulphate
Resistance of Concrete,
Research Department Bulletin
RX227
, Portland Cement Association,
http://www.port
cement.org/pdf_files/RX227.pdf
, 1967.
Verbeck, George, and Klieger, Paul,
Studies of “Salt” Scaling
of Concrete,
Research Department Bulletin
RX083
, Portland
Cement Association,
http://www.portcement.org/pdf_
files/RX083.pdf
,
1956.
Walker, S., and Bloem, D. L.,
Design and Control of Air-
Entrained Concrete,
Publication No. 60, National Ready
Mixed Concrete Association, Silver Spring, Maryland, 1955.
Wang, Kejin; Monteiro, Paulo J. M.; Rubinsky, Boris; and
Arav, Amir, “Microscopic Study of Ice Propagation in
Concrete,”
ACI Materials Journal,
July-August 1996, Amer-
ican Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, pages
370 to 376.
Whiting, D., and Stark, D.,
Control of Air Content in
Concrete,
National Cooperative Highway Research Pro-
gram Report No. 258 and Addendum, Transportation
Research Board and National Research Council, Wash-
ington, D.C., May 1983.
Whiting, David A., and Nagi, Mohamad A.,
Manual on
Control of Air Content in Concrete,
EB116
, National Ready
Mixed Concrete Association and Portland Cement
Association, 1998, 42 pages.
Whiting, D., and Dziedzic, D.,
Effects of Conventional and
High-Range Water Reducers on Concrete Properties,
Research
and Development Bulletin
RD107
, Portland Cement Asso-
ciation, 1992, 25 pages.
Woods, Hubert,
Observations on the Resistance of Concrete to
Freezing and Thawing,
Research Department Bulletin
RX067
, Portland Cement Association,
http://www.port
cement.org/pdf_files/RX067.pdf
, 1954.
