Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine; Figure 11.1r) bound DNA with only modest affi nity, it also
exhibited moderate cytotoxicity in several human cancer cell lines. Additionally,
Spillane
et al.
128
reported that the DNA minor groove binding metal complex
[Ru(bpy)
2
(bbtb)]
2+
(bbtb = 4,4
- bipyridine; Figure 11.1 s)
showed signifi cant cytotoxicity in a range of human cancer cell lines.
Due to the success (and associated clinical problems) of cisplatin as an anti-
cancer agent, there has been intense interest in transition-metal-based compounds
that bind DNA. Through the early studies by the research groups of Barton and
Nordén, ruthenium complexes that can bind DNA and RNA by intercalation are
now well-established probes of nucleic acids. Over the last fi ve or so years, dinuclear
ruthenium complexes that can only bind nucleic acids through association in the
minor groove have also become recognized as valuable probes for nonduplex nucleic
acid structures. As nonduplex nucleic acid structures have been shown to be impor-
tant in the regulation of gene expression, di- and oligonuclear ruthenium complexes
may have signifi cant potential as therapeutic agents for a range of diseases. Further-
more, given the vast amount of classical inorganic chemistry research that has
involved ruthenium(II) complexes, it is probable that this class of nucleic acid-
binding metal complex can be readily tuned to achieve the desired biological
outcomes.
′
- bis(benzothiazol - 2 - yl) - 2,2
′
Abbreviations of Ligands
2 - appt
2 - amino - 4 - phenylamino - 6 - (2 - pyridyl) - 1,3,5 - triazine, Figure 11.1 r
bb
n
bb2 {1,2 - bis[4(4
′
- methyl - 2,2
′
- bipyridyl)]ethane}, bb5 {1,5 -
bis[4(4
′
- methyl - 2,2
′
- bipyridyl)]pentane}, bb7 {1,7 - bis[4(4
′
-
methyl - 2,2
- bipyridyl)]heptane}, and bb10
{1,10 - bis[4(4
′
′
- methyl - 2,2
′
- bipyridyl)]decane}, Figure 11.2 k
bbtb
4,4
′
- bis(benzothiazol - 2 - yl) - 2,2
′
- bipyridine, Figure 11.1 s
bipp
2,9 - bis(2 - imidazo[4,5 - f][1,10]phenanthroline) - 1,10 -
phenanthroline, Figure 11.2 i
bpm
2,2
′
- bipyrimidine, Figure 11.2 a
bpy
2,2
′
- bipyridine, Figure 11.1 a
t
Bu
2
bpy
4,4
′
- bis(
tert
- butyl) - 2,2
′
- bipyridine, Figure 11.1 c
C4(cpdppz)
2
N,N
- bis(12 - cyano - 12,13 - dihydro - 11H - 8 - cyclopenta[
b
]dipyrido[
3,2 -
h
:2
′
′
,3
′
-
j
]phenazine - 12 - carbonyl) - 1,4 - diaminobutane, Figure
11.2 h
chrysi
5,6 - chrysene quinone diimine, Figure 11.1 v
DIP
4,7 - diphenyl - 1,10 - phenanthroline, Figure 11.1 o
dpb
2,3 - bis(2 - pyridyl)benzo[
g
]quinoxaline, Figure 11.2 d
2,3 - dpp
2,3 - bis(2 - pyridyl)pyrazine, Figure 11.2 e
dppm
4,6 - bis(2 - pyridyl)pyrimidine, Figure 11.2 c
dppx
7,8 - dimethyldipyridophenazine, Figure 11.1 l
dppz
dipyrido[3,2 -
a
:2
′
,3
′
-
c
]phenazine, Figure 11.1 j
dppz(11,11
′
)dppz
11,11
′
- bis(dipyrido[3,2 -
a
:2
′
,3
′
-
c
]phenazine, Figure 11.2 g
