Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
0.04
a
A
bbb
bbbbbbbbbbbb
bbbb
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bb
bbb
bbb
bb
bb
b
bb
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b
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bb
bb
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bb
bb
bbb
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0.03
aaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaa
aaa
aaa
aa
aaa
aaa
aa
aa
a
aaa
a
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aa
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a
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0.02
ddd
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ddddd
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ddd
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ddd
dd
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ddd
ddd
ddd
dd
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ddd
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ddd
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dddd
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ccc
cccccccccccccccccc
cccc
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ccc
ccc
cccc
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ccc
ccc
ccc
ccc
ccc
ccc
ccc
cccc
ccc
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cccc
cccc
ccccc
c, d
eee
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ee
e
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e
e
ee
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e, f
f
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f
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f
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f
f
fff
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ffffff
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ff
f
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0.01
b
0.0
-0.01
0
20
40
60
80
100
2950
c and e
B
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
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e
e
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e
e
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ee
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d
d
d
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d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
dd
d
d
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dd
d
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ddddddddd
ddddddddddddd
dddddddddddddd
2900
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
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b
b
b
b
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bb
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bbbbb
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bbbbbbbbbbbbbb
bbbbbbb
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
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c
c
c
cc
c
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
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ccc
ccccc
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cccccccccccccccc
ccccccc
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
aa
aa
aa
a
aa
aa
aaa
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2850
d and f
2800
b, e, f
c, d
a
2750
0
20
40
60
80
100
GENERATION
Fig. 16.5
Changes in F values (A) and founding unique alleles retained (B) through generations
of trials simulating a perennial woody species such as the American chestnut. The full
conditions for these trials are given in the text (see description of basic trial a). All populations
have 172 founders. Trials differ as follows (the differences are illustrated by the squares to
the right of the graphs):
In trial a, the 172 founders are divided into four groups, each group inset diagonally from
one of the corners by 80 units.
In trial b, founders are divided into four groups, each group inset diagonally from one of the
corners by 600 units.
In trial c, founders are placed in one large square at the center of the preserve
In trial d, founders are placed in one large square inset from the borders of the preserve lower
left corner by approximately 600 units.
Trial e was exactly like trial c except that (1) more offspring were deposited nearer the
carpellate parent and there was a longer offspring dispersal tail and (2) all pollen dispersal
distance categories were the same, except for the most distant category, which was extended
from a maximum of 300 to a maximum of 700 units (there is a more distant tail of potential
pollen contribution).
Trial f was exactly like trial d except that (1) more offspring were deposited nearer the
carpellate parent and there was a longer offspring dispersal tail and (2) all pollen dispersal
distance categories were the same, except for the most distant category, which was extended
from a maximum of 300 to a maximum of 700 units (there is a more distant tail of potential
pollen contribution).
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