Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
15100
r
A
r
12080
r
r
r
r
9060
r
r
r
r
r
q
qq
qq
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qqq
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q
q
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q
q
q
q
q
q
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q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
6040
r
r
r
r r
r
r r
r r
r r
r r
r
r r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
t
t t
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t
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t
t
t
t
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t
t
3020
m
mmmmmmmmmmmmmm
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mmmmm
mmmm
mmm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
m
m
m
mm
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
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0
0
20
40
60
1.00
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
mm
m
m
m
mm
m
mm
m
m
mm
m
qqqqqqqqq
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q
q
q
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rr
r
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r
r
r
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rr
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t
t
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s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
ss
ss
s
s
s
s
ss
s
ss
ss
s
s
s
ss
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ss
ss
0.97
0.94
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
0.91
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
0.88
B
u
u
0.85
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GENERATION
Fig. 15.13
Population growth (A) and observed heterozygosity through generations (B) in
developing populations with characteristics similar to
Lindera benzoin
. Trials are identical except
for timing of the onset of age-specifi c mortality, and the rates of age-specifi c mortality. Details
for the differences in mortality schedules are given in
Table 15.2
and
Fig. 15.12
.
The designated
mortality rate for trial m begins before the founders reach reproductive maturity and thus
individuals die before reproduction, while founders for populations q through u are of age
class 13, and thus are reproductive immediately when these populations are established.
rise in mortality beginning at age class 45. These seemingly slight differences
in early mortality for trials q and r (lower early mortality in the latter)
produce a pronounced increase in population growth for r (Fig. 15.13A),
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