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Fig. 2.8 Books with Voices (photo courtesy of Scott Klemmer)
The advent of Anoto pens enabled realizing augmented books that do not re-
quire visual markers nor an extensive hardware setup. Print-n-Link [108] supports
easy retrieval of references in scientific articles by pointing with an Anoto pen on
a printed reference. The LeapFrog Tag Reading System 16 (Fig. 2.9) is a commer-
cial augmented topic. The system turns a storybook interactive with the goal to help
children learn to read. An Anoto pen, which is redesigned for kids, can be moved
over the pages of the topic. Audio information related to the selected content is then
played back on the pen. For instance, words are read out. Moreover, the pen auto-
matically logs information about how it is used. This information can be accessed
by parents or teachers to examine the kid's learning progress.
These systems offer appropriate support as long as the focus is on reading a doc-
ument and it is sufficient to have access to some pre-programmed digital resources.
However, if the user has a more active role and wants to create user-defined hy-
perlinks, pre-programmed links are too restricted. We will reviews approaches that
allow users to define own hyperlinks on printed documents in Section 2.2.4.
2.2.3 Augmented Paper Notebooks
The third main function of augmented paper consists of synchronizing a paper-based
with a digital version of the same resource. Augmented paper notebooks are an im-
portant class of interfaces that apply this principle. Contents of a traditional, paper-
based notebook are automatically digitized and made available on a computer. This
16
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