Hyperlinking between Printed and Digital Documents - Human-Computer Interaction - page 144

Fig. 6.13 Task completion times (error lines indicate the 95 % confidence intervals of the means.
** = statistically significant)
third question in the second document collection. Due to an inattention during the
preparation of the document collections, one link of the CoScribe condition has
been placed at an incorrect position. This made it more difficult for the participants
to find the correct answer. The large time difference for the second question in the
second collection attributes to the fact that in CoScribe all links are symmetric and
automatically visible on both endings. In contrast, traditional handwritten references
are not automatically visible at the target passage. This made it more difficult to find
a specific information in the control condition.
We observed that it is very important to label a link anchor with some information
about the target document (such as “Biography of the murderer”). While most links
were labeled, each document collection contained the same number of unlabeled
links. With the latter ones, the participants were much more likely to get disoriented
and to be uncertain if they had already followed these links.
Gap Between Printed and Digital Documents In the questionnaire, we asked the
participants as how closely connected they perceive printed and digital documents.
Figure 6.15 shows that with cross-media hyperlinks and the pen-enabled display,
Fig. 6.14 Task completion of individual questions