Database Reference
In-Depth Information
246
Shusaku Tsumoto
suspect viral meningitis, which also matches the fact that most old people
suffer from chronic diseases.
These results were also reevaluated in medical practice. Recently, the
preceding two rules were checked by an additional 21 cases who suffered
from meningitis (15 cases viral, 6 cases bacterial meningitis.) Surprisingly,
the rules misclassified only three cases (two viral, the other bacterial), that
is, the total accuracy was equal to 18/21 = 85.7%, and the accuracies for viral
and bacterial meningitis were equal to 13/15 = 86.7% and 5/6=83.3%. The
reasons for misclassification are the following: a case of bacterial infection
involved a patient who had a severe immunodeficiency, although he is very
young. Two cases of viral infection involved patients who suffered from herpes
zoster. It is notable that even those misclassified cases could be explained
from the viewpoint of the immunodeficiency: that is, it was confirmed that
immunodeficiency is a key factor for meningitis.
The validation of these rules is still ongoing; it will be reported in the
near future.
9.6.5 Positive and Negative Rules in CVD
Concerning the database on CVD, several interesting rules were derived. The
most interesting results were the following positive and negative rules for
thalamus hemorrhage:
[Sex = Female]
∧
[Hemiparesis = Left]
∧
[LOC : positive]
→
T halamus
¬
[Risk : Hypertension]
∧¬
[Sensory = no]
T halamus
The former rule means that if the gender of a patient is female and he or
she suffered from the left hemiparesis ([Hemiparesis=Left]) and loss of con-
sciousness ([LOC:positive]), then the focus of CVD is thalamus. The latter
rule means that if he or she suffers neither from hypertension ([Risk: Hyper-
tension]) or sensory disturbance ([Sensory=no]), then the focus of CVD is
thalamus.
Interestingly, LOC (loss of consciousness) under the condition of [Gender =
Female]
→¬
[Hemiparesis = Left] was found to be an important factor to di-
agnose thalamic damage. In this domain, any strong correlations between
these attributes and others, like the database of meningitis, have not been
found yet. It will be our future work to find what factor is behind these rules.
∧
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