Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 4.1.
Propagation methods commonly used for selected tropical fruit crops
(Garner and Chaudhri, 1976).
Suckers
Stooling
Layering
(Marcotting) Cuttings
Grafting
Budding
Crop
Seed
Annona
Air layers
Stem
Budded,
grafted
Avocado
Grafting
Banana
Corm
Breadfruit
Root
Carambola
Budded
Durian
Seed
Air layers
Stem
Budded
Guava
Air layers
Stem and
root
Budded
Jackfruit
Air layers
Stem
Budded
Lanson, duku,
langsat
Seed
Budded
Litchi and longan
Air layers
Budded
Mango
Polyembryony
Air layers
Stem
Budded
Mangosteen
Apomixis
Stem
Grafting
Papaya
Seed
Stem
Cleft
grafting
Passion fruit
Seed
Air layers
Stem
Pineapple
Crown and
shoot
Leaf and
bud
Rambutan
Air layers
Budded
Sapodilla
Air layers
Stem
Budded
approach
Cuttings
A leafy cutting is normally the terminal or subterminal part of a shoot
with leaves left. A terminal cutting comprises the tip of a shoot, while the
subterminal comprises the portion just below the tip of a branch; the upper
leaves are left on and the basal leaves removed. These cuttings are held under
conditions that prevent water loss (hermetic polyethylene chambers or a
mist bed) in some porous medium with good drainage and moisture-holding
capacity. Cuttings can be used for many tropical fruits, including guava,
cashew, acerola, jaboticaba, golden spoon, litchi and passion fruits. When
propagating hardwood or semi-hardwood cuttings, all the leaves are removed
or absent, as for
Spondias
.
Most stem cuttings are treated with compounds that have auxin-like
activity, such as naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and/or indole butyric acid
(IBA), to improve rooting percentage, accelerate the rooting process or to obtain
more roots per cutting. The rooting products are applied to the basal cut end as
prepared powders or in liquid form (50% alcohol/50% water) at concentrations
of 1000 to 10,000 ppm, depending on the species, variety and type of cutting.
