Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER 1
Theories of Human Development
Introduction
The Breadth section of this topic includes an exploration of the correlation of human cog-
nitive development that influenced the creation of computer scientific techniques, which are
road maps to the inventions. This section compares and contrasts the works of the classic-
al theorists—Maslow, Glasser, and Bandura—in human intelligence development based on
the perspective of the cognitive theory. Although their theoretical frameworks may contain
elements supporting factors related to biological, psychosocial, physical, and environmental
implications in the development of individuals, this segment includes a discussion of cognit-
ive human development relative to computer science study and its outcomes over a life span.
A later section of this topic includes an examination of the utility of the theoretical frame-
works as potential strategies for motivating rapid computer science improvement based on
cognitive human development since then to our present space and nuclear age.
Theorists
Maslow (1954) stated and made a direct reference to human beings as an example of the
creation that can cognitively develop in stages because of the human mental capability. The
concept of positive mental fitness intrigued Maslow, who purported the study of human mo-
tivation is best served by an understanding in terms of a hierarchy of goals, desires, or needs
(1954). The most fundamental needs, which are at the base of the ladder of hierarchy, in-
clude the physiological needs of air, water, food, and sex. On the next rung of the ladder are
safety, security, and stability, followed by the psychological or social needs for love, belong-
ing, and acceptance. Maslow (1954) worked backward from a state of self-actualization. He
generalized that in reaching the higher status, individuals were likely to consider life extern-
al to them and have an apparent sense of realism versus idealism.
Glasser (1986) further in his theory posited that most individuals would find it impossible
to continue to be unhappy if they become aware that they cannot reach their goals for basic
needs. Glasser (1986) laid emphases and clearly noted all unhappiness and insecure conduct
are the main root cause of the inability to achieve one's basic needs. The problem is evident
in a variety of behaviors. Glasser (1986) equated the need to love and be loved with the need
to feel worthwhile to oneself and others. Several years later, Glasser expanded his views to
include the need for power, freedom, and fun (1998).
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