Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
The global-scale socio-economic structure can be divided into m levels.
According to Kondratyev (1998b), m
≥
9, and this structure has three main levels of
the development of the regions: developed, developing and low-developed. A
realization of the ICGGM project will accelerate the process of alignment of this
structure, since the planning of the organizational structure of the human society
will be accelerated, with the provision of the purposefulness of global processes for
the bene
t of humankind and without damage to nature and, which is most
important, international mechanisms will be developed for the coordinated nature
use by the population of the Earth. The ICGGM will be useful because people will
not waste
finances on realization of ecologically unacceptable projects and will
preserve the balance with nature. With the scienti
t
will grow, since the transition to new kinds of resources is unavoidable (Gorshkov
et al. 2004).
c-technical progress, this pro
10.2.2 Sustainable Development Model
The biosphere is a complex unique system. Historically, the man was considered as
an element of the biosphere. But at the present time the problem of co-evolution
between the human society (H) and nature (N) has arisen. The influence of human
activity on natural systems has reached the global scale, but it is possible to make
the conditional division between anthropogenic and natural processes. The use of
system analysis permits a more formal description of this division to be performed.
Commonly, there are two interacting systems: H with the technologies, sciences,
economics, sociology, agriculture, industry, etc.; and N with climatic, biogeoce-
notic, biogeochemical, hydrological, geophysical and other natural processes that
are characterized by numerous direct couplings and feedbacks.
The solution of practical problems in investigating complex systems often
involves evaluating their effectiveness and in particular their stability under inde-
terminate conditions of functioning. The theory of potential effectiveness of com-
plex systems deals with the solution of these problems. A constructive
mathematical apparatus has been developed within the framework of this theory by
which it is possible to solve different problems of optimizing the structure and
behavior of the functioning of H and N in certain situations.
The systems H and N are determined by their structures (number of elements and
relations among them) and behaviour (responses to stimuli). The internal behavior
of such a system is aimed at maintaining its uninterrupted functioning. The external
behavior of the system is aimed at achieving a certain outside goal. Temporal
stability of a complex system is a necessary property without which all its other
properties become meaningless. It is connected with the structural stability of the
material composition and energy balance of the complex system as well as with the
regularity of its responses to the same external stimuli.
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