Operational Diagnostics, Estimation of the Scale of Damage and Aftermath Reduction of the Stressful Natural Processes - New Ecoinformatics Tools in Environmental Science: Applications and Decision-making - page 782

Table 9.28 Natural disasters 2012 and their characteristics (Ferris et al. 2013)
Country Disaster Month Fatalities

Phillipines Typhoon bhopal/pablo December 1,901

Europe Cold wave January February 587

-

Pakistan Flood August October 480

-

Nigeria Flood July - October 363

Iran Earthquakes August 306

Peru Cold wave June 252

Russia Flash flood July 171

Korea Dem. P. Rep. Flood July 169

USA, Caribean Hurricane Sandy October 141/220

Pakistan Avalanche April 135

China Flood April - May 132

India Flood June July 120

-

Total 2012 9,330

￿ working out recommendations on accomplishing engineering and social mea-

sures whose realization during the fl flood can be hindered or impossible but

necessary; and

analysis of uncertainties which can appear with a threatening fl flood or its

￿

occurrence due to climatic or other natural processes.

Most of the countries that suffer fl floods have services for prevention of and

protection from floods. The structure and equipment of these services are deter-

mined by the regional special features of the causes of

fl

floods. But regardless of this,
there are general problems of assessment of the risk of life, infrastructure, and
economy from

fl

flood. One of the most effective ways to solve these problems is to
predict the hydrological processes at regional and global levels. Ef

fl

ciency of such
predictions depends on information content of the systems of nature monitoring.
A natural disaster always leads to economic losses. In poor countries the pop-
ulation becomes even poorer. The discussions of sustainable development acquire
the meaning of people s survival, and problems of the environmental protection and

search of NSS equilibrium at a regional level become of secondary importance
(Freeman 2000). A natural disaster destroys the infrastructure as a key component
of the economic growth of the region. For almost 18 % of the global population,
poverty becomes critical, and with an occurrence of a natural disaster in their
habitat a complicated social situation is always created, and the way out of this
situation is only possible with an assistance of developed countries. Therefore a
reduction of the risk of economic losses from natural disasters in developing
regions is one of the

'

first-priority problems of global ecodynamics (Krapivin and
Varotsos 2007, 2008; Krapivin and Shutko 2012).