Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
problems of global ecodynamics follows a mistaken path without prospects.
Lindsey (2001) discusses political and economic mechanisms of globalization
control drawing attention to contradictoriness of the laws of economic development
in the past and future. He gives a pattern of the present course of globalization as a
favourable perspective of the future economic arrangement of the world. Callinicos
(2001) analyzes and criticizes the so-called
of humankind development
which is propagated in the USA, England, and Germany with liberalism in free
economy and possible national socialism. This way will lead humankind to still
more contrasting economic differences with an uncontrolled increase of the social
inequality. Criticizing the theoretical bases of a new market, Callinicos (2001)
demonstrates the presence of the American imperial trend to political globalization.
Anderson and Anderson (2001) attract attention to the fact that along with econ-
omy, in the process of globalization no less important are culture, politics, and
biology, since people live in the world of open systems and, depending on inter-
action of these NSS components, many global processes can form. Tabb (2001)
considers the process of globalization from the viewpoint of ethics whose coordi-
nation with economy is one of the factors of prevention of negative trends in the
development of the modern society. Trade wars, capital concentration, displace-
ment of investment processes and latent restriction of social rights
“
third way
”
—
these are basic
components of the present ideology of globalization.
9.5 Managing Natural Resources
9.5.1 Introduction
The problem of an optimal management of natural resources appears in the regions
of the presence of elements of the anthropogenic forcing. In this connection,
Khudoshina (1996) introduced the term
(EES), which
formalizes the problem of managing a totality of the nature components and eco-
nomic activity and enables one to describe numerous contradictions between these
components. The ef
“
ecologo-economic system
”
ciency of the monitoring system depends on the correctness of
the administrative decisions on determination of priorities, distribution and use of
resources. It is also important to have a set of ef
cient indicators of the state of both
individual elements of the environment (air, water, soil,
flora/fauna, etc.) and the
system on the whole. Such indicators enable one to assess the state of the ecological
balance of the territory and to simplify thereby the problem of management of the
ecosystems located on the territory.
Real problems of managing natural resources are multi-criterion and connected
with analysis of a great number of factors, dependences between which often cannot
be formalized. Khudoshina (1996) proposed a technique to solve such problems for
an ef
fl
cient management of the resources in the coastal regions. This technique is
based on the method of the logico-informational modeling. This method, in turn, is
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