Ecoinformatics and Soil-Plant Formations - New Ecoinformatics Tools in Environmental Science: Applications and Decision-making - page 713

Table 8.17 The most known vegetative indexes evaluated in the framework of remote monitoring
of the vegetation covers
Vegetative
index

Description and model

NDVI Normalized difference vegetation index. NDVI = (NIR − VIS)/(NIR + VIS)

where NIR and VIS (or RED) stand for the spectral reflectance measurements
acquired in the near-infrared and visible (red) regions, respectively

RVI Ratio vegetation index. RVI = NIR/VIS

IPVI Infrared percentage vegetation index. It is restricted to values between 0 and 1,

which eliminates the need for storing a sign for the vegetation index values,
and it eliminates the conceptual strangeness of negative values for vegetation
indices. IPVI and NDVI are functionally equivalent and related to each other
by the following equation: IPVI = NIR/(NIR + VIS) = (NDVI + 1)/2

NDII Normalized difference infrared index. NDII = ( ρ − ρ 1649 )/( ρ 819 + ρ 1649 )

819

where ρ 819 and ρ 1649 ) is surface re fl ectance measurements in ranges of 819 and

1,649 nm, respectively

WDVI Weighed difference vegetation index. WDVI = NIR − S × VIS where S is the

soil line slope

SAVI Soil-adjusted vegetation index. SAVI = (NIR VIS)/(NIR + VIS + L) where L

is a correction factor which ranges from 0 for very high vegetation cover to 1
for very low vegetation cover. The most typically used value is 0.5 which is for
intermediate vegetation cover

−

TSAVI Transformed soil-adjusted vegetation index. TSAVI = [s(NIR − s × VIS − a)]/

(1 + s 2 )] where s is the soil line slope, a is the soil
line intersection, and X is the compensation factor reducing the soil noise. The
soil line is a hypothetical line in spectral space that describes the variation in
the spectrum of bare soil in the image. The line can be found by locating two or
more patches of bare soil in the image having different re

[a × NIR + VIS − a × s+X ×

fl ectivities and finding

the best fit line in spectral space

MSAVI Modi ed soil-adjusted vegetation index. MSAVI = (NIR − VIS)(1 + L 0 )/

(NIR + VIS + L 0 ) where L 0 =1 − 2S × NDVI × WDVI

MSAVI2 Modified soil-adjusted vegetation index-2. MSAVI2 = (NIR − VIS)(1 + L 1 )/

[(2NIR + 1) 2 (NIR + VIS + L 1 ) where L 1 =1 − 0.5{2NIR + 1 − − 8

VIS) 2 ] 1/2 (NIR −

GEMI Global environmental monitoring index. GEMI = E(1 − 0.25E)-(VIS-0.125)/

(1-VIS) where E = {2(NIR-VIS) + 1.5NIR + 0.5VIS}/(NIR + VIS + 0.5)

ARVI Atmospherically resistant vegetation index. ARVI = (NIR − R b )/(NIR + R b )

where R b = RED BLUE), A is experimental parameter that

characterizes the vegetation unity (usually A = 1 or A = 0.5 for small area of
vegetation cover)

− A(RED −

SARVI Soil and atmospherically resistanf vegetation index. SARVI = (NIR − R b )/

[(1 + L)(NIR + R b )] where R b = VIS − A(VIS − ρ Blue )

GVI Green vegetation index. GVI = − 0.2848 × Band1 − 0.2435 × Band2 −

0.5436 Band7

where BandI (I = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7) is I-th channel of the Landsat TM (Thematic
Mapper). GVI =

× Band3 + 0.7243 × Band4 + + 0.0840 × Band5 − 1.1800 ×

− 0.29 × MSS4 − 0.56 × MSS5

+ 0.60 MSS7 where MSSI is I-th (I = 4, 5, 7) channel of the

Landsat MSS (MultiSpectral Scanner)

× MSS6 + 0.49 ×

(continued)