Ecoinformatics and Soil-Plant Formations - New Ecoinformatics Tools in Environmental Science: Applications and Decision-making - page 695

Table 8.8 The dynamics of CO 2 assimilation by plants on the territory of Russia
Vegetation formation
(Table 1.2 )

Rate of CO 2 assimilation, 10 6 tC/year

Years
1990 2000 2050 2100 2150
A 2.6 2.8 6.7 7.1 6.9
C 3.7 4.6 10.9 12.0 12.1
M 4.0 5.1 12.4 14.5 13.8
L 3.2 3.9 9.2 10.3 10.4
F 11.2 14.8 43.6 47.2 44.2
D 31.6 39.9 110.6 121.9 109.3
G 23.3 29.2 72.2 73.4 70.5
R 5.2 6.2 13.1 13.8 10.7
W 4.7 5.1 8.2 8.8 7.9
V 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.8
@ 2.4 2.6 3.7 3.9 2.9
S 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.0
Q 1.5 1.6 2.2 2.3 1.8
Total 94.7 206.1 294.9 317.7 292.3
Emission of carbon on this territory in 1990 is assumed to be 1.6 Gt C/year with an annual change
after Keeling ' s scenario (Kondratyev et al. 2003c)

different zones. Large-scale impacts on land biota are damped during 60 100 years.

The biosphere turns out to be more resistant to impacts on the forests of southern
latitudes and more sensitive to violations of forest areas in temperate latitudes.
Hence, the northern hemisphere forests up to 42

-

° N play an important role in sta-

bilizing the carbon cycle in the biosphere.
The scenario of liquidation of forests, as seen from the studies of numerous
authors, evokes great interest in studies of the global carbon cycle and the asso-
ciated climate change. A diversity of possible real situations of the transformation
of land covers is so large that it is impossible to assess all the consequences. Note
only that, for instance, a liquidation of all northern taiga and mid-taiga forests (types
F, D) in 50 years will lead to a 53 % increase of atmospheric CO 2 with subsequent
negative consequences for the ux H 6 . Similar consequences follow after liqui-

dation of all wet evergreen and deciduous tropical forests (types Z, Y), but in this
case the indicated increase of atmospheric CO 2 will be reached 20 years later.
The GMNSS re

fl

ected the interactions of natural and anthropogenic factors
taking into consideration that their spatial and temporal heterogeneity and dynamics
allow the assessment of expected risks from possible greenhouse effect. An
example of such assessments is given in Fig. 8.20 . It is evident that GMNNS
delivers more optimistic prognosis than climatic model of Hadley Center.
The land cover structure changes not only due to human activity. In some
regions of the globe, hurricanes introduce considerable changes in the carbon
balance of the forest ecosystems. Thus, on the USA territory every 3 years two

fl