Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
The litter and dead organic matter decomposition processes are parameterized by
the multiplicative models:
;
a 47 ¼ k 4 x 4 ð 1 m
exp fe
w gÞ;
a 45 ¼ ð 1 x 4 a 47
½
1 þðd 4 =
100 Þ T T opt
;
a 46 ¼ k
½
x 4 a 47
1 þðd 4 =
100 Þ T T opt
a 57 ¼ ð 1 k 5 x 5 ð 1 m
exp fe
w gÞ;
a 56 ¼ l
½
x 5 a 57
1 þðd 5 =
100 Þ T T opt
where k 4 ,
ʽ
,
ʵ
,
ʻ
,
ʼ
,
ʴ 4 , k 5 and
ʴ 5 are constants de
ned depending on the ecosystem
type.
Correlation between the temperatures of free atmosphere and under forest can-
opy is parameterized by the following model:
Here, function g(x 3 ) is selected under the condition that air temperature under the
forest canopy can not be less than free atmosphere temperature:
g ð x 3 Þ ¼1 c 1 x 3 þ c 2 x 3 ;
where coef
cients c 1 and c 2 are de
ned empirically.
is described by regional water balance
model (see Figs. 1.13 and 1.14 ) the initial data for which are delivered by micro-
wave monitoring system (Krapivin and Shutko 2012).
In this case, biocomplexity inducator
Moisture regime of each pixel
ʩ ij ↆ ʩ
ʾ ʩ (t) (see Eq. 6.30 ) can be calculated by
the expression:
Z
n X ð t Þ ¼ 1
ð
=r
Þ
nu; k;
ð
t
Þ d
u
d
k
u;ð X
n ¼ P i¼1 P j [ i d j a ij , weighed coef
where
cient d j
[0,1] corresponds to the jth
element signi
cation.
Figures 8.17 and 8.18 give two examples of the biocomplexity evaluation for
Bulgarian national park Rusenski Lom during the International Hydrophysical
Experiment (Krapivin and Shutko 2012; Rashid and Seizov 2012). This park is
characterized by large diversity of vegetation communities including oak, lime-tree,
hornbeam, maple, ash-tree, pine-tree, etc. This biological diversity is displayed in the
wide range of surface variability of the carbon
fluxes. Biometric characteristics of
vegetation covers were submitted by Bulgarian experts and assessed by numerous
fl
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