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Fig. 7.25 Fragments of probability distributions for phase transitions calculated for tropical
cyclone Isaak (2012) basing on the data delivered by NDBC meteorological stations located in
Florida (USA) region
where standard meteorological data are registered with small time interval. The
zone of meteorological station sensitivity usually varies in the boundary of 100
-
500 km.
In connection with this, the case of tropical cyclone Sandy is considered. Fig-
ure
7.26
a shows its track from the beginning as tropical depression in the western
Caribbean Sea on October 22, 2012. Sandy moved slowly northward toward the
Greater Antilles and gradually intensi
ed. Series of the NDBC meteorological
stations that
fixed OAS characteristics to calculate Instability Indicators are marked
in Fig.
7.26
. As it is seen from Fig.
7.26
, tropical cyclone Sandy track, as opposed
to case of Isaac, was mainly ranged from meteorological stations when it had
categories 2 and 3 in Saf
r-Simpson Scale.
The distance between NDBC-42057 and NDBC-42058 is about 750 km. These
meteorological stations
had small increased the
Instability Indicator but did not show a transition of the OAS in phase of tropical
depression. Additional use of satellite data (QuickSCAT) about wind characteristics
gives the possibility to
—
as it is seen from Fig.
7.26
b
—
50 in GMT (Brennan
et al. 2009). Figure
7.27
shows the OAS Instability Indicator dynamics for different
meteorological stations that are given in Fig.
7.26
a. We see that Sandy was a
Category 3 storm at its peak intensity on October 25. Then, it became a Category 2
on October 26. Curves in Fig.
7.27
show how Sandy changes its phases moving
toward USA and Canada and how its diameter is increased. For example, minimal
fix this phase on October 23 at 20
-
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