Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
The ecosystem block includes the following components: bacterioplankton (D 1 ),
phytoplankton (D 2 ), zooplankton (D 3 ), benthos (D 4 ), nekton (D 5 ), nutrients (D 6 ),
dissolved organic matter (D 7 ), detritus (D 8 ), oxygen (D 9 ), and salts (S). Climate
block simulates the temperature (T), illumination (E), and wind (v,
). The block
describing a water regime takes into account the following processes: precipitation
(F), evaporation (I), current V u ;
ʱ
, river run-off, and water exchange with
V k ;
V z
Paci
). The block considering anthropogenic processes includes the
water exchange with Paci
c ocean (
ʲ
ðÞ .
The scheme to calculate the temperature regime is in fact an approximate sim-
ulation. This semi-empirical approach is acceptable for the climatic zone of the
Okhotsk Sea and does not require complicated calculations. The exchange pro-
cesses with water masses between the segments Vi i (i=1,
c Ocean (
ʲ
) and pollution
, N) are simulated with
account of information on directions and velocities of the currents contained in the
data base.
The functioning of the Okhotsk Sea ecosystem is determined by severe climatic
conditions. During 6
-
7 months in a year the sea is almost completely covered with
ice 80
100 cm thick. Therefore, in the OSE model the vertical structure of the
Okhotsk Sea is presented as a vertical section shown in Fig. 6.24 . With account of
this scheme, in the zones of the frozen sea the energy fluxes in Fig. 6.23 get
complicated due to partition of the component
-
phytoplankton
into three possible
media. Schematically it is shown in Fig. 6.25 .
The equations of OSE dynamics have a set of coef
cients X = X 1
X 2
X 3 , where
sub-set X 1 contains the coef
cients values which are determined with the high
precision, sub-set X 2 consists of the coef
cients determined by inaccuracy, and sub-
set X 3 = X\(X 2
cients which are inestimated. Simulation procedure
foresees two-tier process of model adaptation. At the
X 1 ) has the coef
first tier the model adaptation
process is realized at the expense of sub-set X 3 coef
cients determination. This
Fig. 6.24 The vertical
section of the model medium
of an arbitrary sea basin in the
freezing conditions
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