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Fig. 6.17 A conceptual diagram of the heat and water
fl
fluxes in the active layer of the non-sorted
circle ecosystem (Daanen et al. 2008)
4. How do biogeochemistry and cryoturbation affect plant communities?
5. How do the complex patterns associated with frost boils affect the tundra sys-
tems in a hierarchy of spatial-temporal scales?
6. How do these patterns and processes change along the existing climate gradient
as the pool of available species and plant functional types changes?
Walker et al. (2008) and Peterson and Krantz (2008) studied differences in many
key ecosystem processes between moist nonacidic tundra (MNT) and moist acidic
tundra (MAT) and represented received results as Table 6.18 . More detailed
description of ecological trends is given in Table 6.19 . We see that surface moisture
Table 6.18 Comparison of ecosystem properties of MNT and MAT (Walker et al. 2004, 2008,
2012)
Ecosystem property
MNT
MAT
pH of top mineral horizon
6.9
5.2
Number of vascular plant species
26
14
Average height of plant canopy (cm)
3.9
6.5
Leaf area index (m 2 m 2 )
0.50
0.84
Moss cover (%)
65
79
NDVI
0.28
0.41
O-horizon thickness (cm)
11
21
Bare soil (% cover)
7.5
0.8
ux (M J m 2 day 1 )
Soil heat
fl
3.13
1.83
Thaw depth (cm)
52
39
Gross primary production (mgCO 2 -C m 2 day 1 )
0.40
1,820
Net CO 2 uptake
670
950
Respiration loss
270
870
Methane emission (mgCH 4 Cm 2 year 1 )
69
440
Soil organic carbon to 1 m depth (kg C m 2 )
40
88
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