Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
!
A
k1
X
A
i2
=r
i
A
k2
X
n
c
1
;
k
¼
2
2
i
1
2
k
A
i1
A
i2
=r
D
r
;
i¼1
!
A
k2
X
A
i1
=r
i
A
k1
X
n
c
2
;
k
¼
2
2
i
1
2
k
A
i1
A
i2
=r
D
r
;
i¼1
!
2
D
¼
X
n
i
X
n
X
n
A
i1
r
2
A
i2
r
2
i
2
i
A
i1
A
i2
r
;
i¼1
i¼1
i¼1
x
j
¼
X
n
1
X
n
Dx
1
¼
D
c
ji
Z
i
; ð
j ¼ 1
A
i2
r
2
i
;
2
Þ;
;
i¼1
i¼1
1
X
Dx
2
¼
D
n
A
i1
r
2
i
i¼1
For the real use of this algorithm in the radiometric monitoring system the fol-
lowing arrangement can be suggested. Put the n-channel commutation unit and
n units of dispersion calculation between the outputs of radiometers and respective
inputs of the microprocessor in series. At the radiometers
'
inputs we plug in
switches, which are connected through a control unit with the
first group of outputs
of the microprocessor, and to the second group of the microprocessor
s outputs are
linked up the resolver, whose second group of outputs is connected, respectively,
with the radiometers
'
outputs. Each unit to calculate dispersion consists of the
in-series connected quantizers of the mean value calculator, divisor, summator and
second divisor, and the quantizers output is connected with the second input of the
summator. The resolver consists of identical channels, each containing a summator,
n outputs of which are connected with n multipliers. Some inputs of the multipliers
form the first group of the resolver
'
s inputs, others
—
the second group of its inputs,
the number of channels being equal to the number of the parameters to be measured.
Figure
2.34
shows the structural scheme of an arrangement to measure the
parameters of geophysical and hydrophysical objects. The scheme in Fig.
2.35
explains the structure of the unit to calculate dispersion. The resolver is charac-
terized in Fig.
2.36
. The apparatus operates as follows. When radiometers 1 are
calibrated, the signals Z
ij
from their outputs through the multi-channel switching
unit 2 enter the unit 3 of the dispersion calculator. The antennas are switched off
from radiometers. In unit 3 the dispersion is calculated using the algorithm.
'
M
1
X
M
X
M
M
;
1
1
2
r
j
¼
Z
ij
M
j
M
j
¼
Z
ij
i¼1
i¼1
The M
j
parameters are calculated in the units of the mean calculations. The
summator calculates:
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