Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
reliable and safe twin Aero Commander (Krapivin and Shutko 2012; Krapivin et al.
2012a). The aircraft is specially modi
ed to simultaneously carry a range of other
instruments, such as (digital) photogrammetric cameras, lidar scanners, thermal
infrared and multi-spectral sensors. The capability to measure such a comprehen-
sive range of remotely sensed parameters from a single low-cost airborne platform
is unique worldwide.
With whole set of sensor shown in Tables
2.7
,
2.8
and
2.9
, company Miramap
provides the customers exactly with the parameters and environmental conditions
given in Table
1.18
including:
•
surface soil moisture,
•
underground moistening,
•
depth to a shallow water table (down to 2 m in humid areas and down to 3
5m
-
in arid/dry areas),
•
located on the surface and shallowly buried metal objects of a reasonable size
under the conditions of dry ground,
•
contours of water seepage through hydrotechnical constructions (levees, dams,
destroyed drainage systems, different kinds of leaks),
•
biomass of vegetation above a water surface or wet ground,
•
increase in temperature in land, forested and volcano areas,
•
changes in salinity/mineralization and temperature of a water surface,
•
water surface pollution, oil slicks on a water surface,
•
on-ground snow melting,
•
ice on a water surface and on the roads, runways.
Some indices of the effectiveness of the GIMS-technology realized in framework
of Miramap
'
s
fl
flying research laboratory are the following:
(1) Soil moisture content
0.5 g/cm
3
•
operating range is 0.02
-
•
maximum absolute error is:
when vegetation biomass is less than 2 kg/m
2
0.05 g/cm
3
;
-
-
when vegetation biomass is greater than 2 kg/m
2
0.07 g/cm
3
.
-
-
(2) Depth to a shallow water table
•
operating range is:
-
for humid or swampy areas
—
0.2
-
2m;
-
for dry arid areas, deserts
—
0.2
-
5m;
•
maximum absolute error is 0.3
-
0.6 m.
(3) Plant biomass (above wet soil or water surface):
•
3 kg/m
2
;
operating range is 0
-
maximum absolute error is 0.2 kg/m
2
.
•
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