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@
P
U3
@
t
þ
v
u
@
P
U3
@u
þ
v
k
@
P
U3
@k
þ
v
z
@
P
U3
@
z
¼ H
11
þ
H
18
H
17
;
@
P
S1
@
t
¼ H
3
H
4
H
5
;
@
P
S2
@
t
¼ H
2
þ
H
4
þ
H
5
þ
H
8
H
3
H
6
H
7
;
fluxes of
phosphorus (Table
1.18
) based on analysis of the existing ideas about their nature.
The atmospheric cycle is governed by rock weathering, volcanic eruptions, and by
washing-out of phosphorus by precipitation. From the available estimates, the
phosphorus content in the lithosphere constitutes 0.093 %, and the processes of
weathering deliver annually into the atmosphere about 0.2
Determine now the functional and dynamic characteristics of the
fl
10
6
t P, on the average.
Since these processes are of a complicated stochastic nature and their models are
absent, in the
×
uxes H
1
and H
19
will be considered constant.
The continental cycle of phosphorus is determined by ten
first approximation the
fl
fluxes (Fig.
1.45
)
closed by a single component P
S
indicating the phosphorus supplies on land in the
soil-vegetation formations and in animals. The supplies of phosphorus in soils are
replenished due to the
fl
uxes H
l
fl
ð
l ¼ 2
;
4
;
5
;
8
;
9
;
10
Þ
. The loss of phosphorus from
uxes H
j
the soil is determined by the
ð Þ
. With a more complicated
detailing of the surface reservoirs of phosphorus and consideration of more inge-
nious effects in the interaction of these reservoirs, the classi
fl
j ¼ 3
;
6
;
7
;
11
cation of the surface
fl
fluxes of phosphorus becomes more complicated. Within the assumed detailing of
the surface reservoirs of phosphorus the following functional presentations of the
fl
uxes H
i
can be considered:
H
2
¼ p
1
GMG
0
M
1
H
3
¼ p
V
R
V
;
H
4
¼ p
4
M
L
;
;
0
H
5
¼ p
5
H
F
;
H
6
¼ p
6
P
S2
=
P
S2
;
0
;
H
9
¼ p
3
I
;
H
7
¼ p
7
h
D
T
P
S2
=
P
S2
;
0
;
H
11
¼ p
2
P
S2
1
exp
k
su
W
so
½
ð
Þ
=
P
S2
;
0
;
where p
V
is the content of phosphorus in the living biomass of plants, p
4
and p
5
is
the content of phosphorus in organic matter of the vegetable and animal origin,
respectively, I is the amount of produce extracted from the ocean, G is the popu-
lation, M is mineral resources, R
V
is the produce of the vegetation photosynthesis,
H
F
is the biomass of the unassimilated food of animals, M
L
=
ʼ
V
L,
ʼ
V
is the rate of
vegetation dying-off, L is the vegetation biomass,
ʸ
is the temperature coef
cient of
the rate of the dead organic matter decomposition on land,
T is the SAT variation
with respect to the control value, W
so
is the volume of the river run-off into the
oceans, p
i
(i =1,
ʔ
in G
0
, M
0
, and P
S2,0
attributes these parameters to some control time moment t
0
, when all parameters of
MGBP unit are known.
…
, 7) are the constants. The index
“
0
”
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