Invasive Marine Seaweeds: Pest or Prize? - Seaweed Biology - page 250

cultivars could be certified similar to D.O.P (protected denomination of origin) and
D.O.C (controlled origin denomination) standards of agricultural crops, which
would confirm that a seaweed has been produced in a specific geographical
location. In addition, marine stewardship certifications would attest that a product
is produced under certain environmental management and product quality
standards. However, for this to happen seaweed products must attain a much higher
commercial value than they currently have. In the meantime, a number of interna-
tional agreements and voluntary codes of practice have been formulated
to encourage national governments to restrict and control the intentional import
and use of NIMS in aquaculture (reviewed in Hewitt et al. 2006 ). Also, recom-
mendations for the assessment of proposals for intentional introductions are avail-
able to assist industries and regulators, even though quantitative data on ecological
and socio-economic impacts of seaweed introductions are scarce. Research describ-
ing and assessing past and present NIMS invasions is vital to better predict future
invaders, invaded regions, and the associated impacts and to support management
and conservation decisions. At present, many questions around seaweed invasions
and marine invasions, in general, remain to be answered (see e.g., Johnson 2007 ).
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